The AI comparison for Swiss financial service providers · As of October 2026AI comparison · Oct. 2026

Which AI may fiduciaries use with client data?

Three questions, one clear answer: which cloud AI is permitted for your industry, where your data is processed and how strong the models really are on that route.

Humanyx guides financial service providers as a partner into an AI-enabled operating model. This overview shows all common routes, including those we do not implement ourselves.

Your industry

Industry rules and supervision feed directly into the traffic light.

IndustryFiduciaries and accounting firms

Which data should go into the AI?

Health data appears as soon as you choose insurance brokers.

Where may your data be processed?

Your internal policy, not the law. We show both.

For Fiduciaries and accounting firms

Usually no sector supervision, but a duty of confidentiality under Art. 62 DPA for all client data. For audit mandates, professional secrecy under Art. 321 of the Criminal Code applies in addition.

Your result · Fiduciaries · Switzerland only

3of 13 options fit your requirement

3Green
1to check
9leave Switzerland
0Red

What does the traffic light mean?

Your best model on this route

42points, with preview 45

Top score today: 58 with Claude Opus 5.5, available with EU processing (traffic light yellow)

PreviewIn the preview at Phoeniqs, DeepSeek V4.1 Flash (45), GLM 5.3 (45), Kimi K3 (44) are running.

The number is the Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index: an independent benchmark with ten demanding task sets covering agentic tasks, office work, knowledge, coding and science. Scale 0 to 100, the best model scores 58 today. As of 23 October 2026, version 4.3.2. "ca." = estimated.

The best solutions: three proven setups for fiduciaries and accounting firms

Hardly any organisation needs just one tool. What has proven itself is the combination of an AI employee for daily work and a secure interface for automations.

For fiduciary firms we recommend the pragmatic setup: daily work in Copilot, payroll and tax data only through the Swiss pipeline. For firms with audit mandates we recommend the strict setup, because professional secrecy under Art. 321 Criminal Code applies there.

Recommended for most SMEs

Pragmatic: Copilot plus Azure Switzerland

M365 Copilot for emails, documents and meetings, with storage in Switzerland and Flex Routing disabled
Azure OpenAI Switzerland North for automations with sensitive client data, such as document review or reports: for new customers, GPT-4o (until April 2027) is effectively the only option there
A clear policy: what may go into Copilot, what only goes through the Swiss pipeline

When policy demands «Switzerland only»

Strict: Swiss platform plus Azure Switzerland

A Swiss AI platform as the working surface for all employees
Azure OpenAI Switzerland North (GPT-4o) or Provisioned (GPT-5.1, from approx. USD 13,000 per month) for automations
External models in the platform selectively disabled per use case

When quality matters above all

High performance: frontier models in the EU

Azure OpenAI Data Zone EU or Claude via AWS Bedrock EU
Pseudonymise where possible before data reaches the model
Risk assessment, contract and client information with extra care

Sovereignty map

The closer your data stays, the smaller the choice of models.

Each dot is an option, placed by data location and by the performance of the best model on that route. The colour shows the traffic light for your selection above.

Intelligence Index of the best model on this route (Artificial Analysis, scale 0 to 100)

Green
Yellow
Red
Preview, no SLA

Preview at PhoeniqsDeepSeek V4.1 Flash, GLM 5.3: 45Kimi K3: 44

16 pointsbelow the top score

Switzerland onlyProcessing and storage in Switzerland

No measured valueM365 Copilot: GPT models, chosen by Microsoft.

Excluded by your requirement

EUProcessing in the EU

No measured valueCopilot flex routing: GPT models, chosen by Microsoft.

Excluded by your requirement

Worldwide incl. USANo data location guaranteed

What does the number mean?

As of 23 October 2026

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index. Independent benchmark by Artificial Analysis. All models solve the same ten demanding task sets: agentic tasks and real office work (30%), general knowledge, long documents and hallucinations (30%), coding (20%) and scientific reasoning (20%). Scale 0 to 100, higher is better. The tests are deliberately very hard: the best model scores 58 today.

Version 4.3.2, values as of 23 October 2026. "ca." = estimated by Artificial Analysis, the independent measurement is still pending.

Switzerland only

In Switzerland, GLM 5.3 Flash is stronger than any available GPT model.

At Phoeniqs with 42. Azure Switzerland only offers older GPT models: GPT-5.1 (ca. 25, Provisioned only) and GPT-4o (ca. 8). The newest GPT models only run with EU processing.

Preview

Kimi K3 runs in Switzerland, but only as a test.

Phoeniqs is testing Kimi K3 (44) until 16 November 2026 without an SLA, and production use is not planned according to the documentation. DeepSeek V4.1 Flash and GLM 5.3 (45 each) are meant to go into production.

The top score is also available with an EU guarantee.

Claude Opus 5.5 via AWS Bedrock or Google Vertex AI with EU processing reaches 58, the highest value in the index. Traffic light Yellow: feasible with a risk assessment and pseudonymisation.

All AI options at a glance

The traffic light applies to your selection above. Filter by colour and open an option for the data path, models and checklist.

How to read the traffic light

Tailored to fiduciaries: usually no sectoral supervision, but a duty of confidentiality under Art. 62 DPA for all client data. For audit mandates, professional secrecy under Art. 321 Criminal Code applies on top.

Green: proven and recommended
Works with client data: the setup is proven, contract and governance are in place. This is exactly how you should do it.
Yellow: unclear, depends on the setup
Depends on the contract, configuration and industry: feasible with a documented risk assessment, not without it.
Red: not possible
Not defensible for client data in our risk assessment: no contract, no control or no documented safeguards. Often still the best choice for research, marketing and anonymised content.

Solution	Client data	Models	Intelligence Index	Data location	Model quality	Cost	What to watch
Azure OpenAI Switzerland (Standard) Microsoft Azure, Switzerland North region	Green	GPT-4o (until April 2027), Embeddings	ca. 8 GPT-4o · estimated up to approx. 190 pages	Processing Switzerland Storage Switzerland	Solid, several generations behind the frontier	Low, per token, no base fee	A Swiss data location simplifies commissioned processing under Art. 9 DPA: choose the Standard deployment type (not Global or Data Zone), contract with confidentiality and audit rights. For new customers, GPT-4o (until April 2027) is effectively the only option; GPT-4.1 is deprecated.
Azure OpenAI Switzerland (Provisioned) Microsoft Azure, Switzerland North, reserved capacity	Green	GPT-5.1 (until May 2027)	ca. 25 GPT-5.1 · estimated	Processing Switzerland Storage Switzerland	Very good, strongest model with CH guarantee	From approx. USD 13,000 per month (minimum 50 PTU)	Like the Standard variant, but with regional Provisioned capacity in Switzerland North (not Global or Data Zone Provisioned): GPT-5.1 (until May 2027) costs from approx. USD 13,000 per month (minimum 50 PTU), and a successor in Switzerland is not guaranteed. The most common firm size in the industry is micro, so this is not an option for the vast majority of fiduciary firms.
Swiss AI platforms e.g. Phoeniqs (kvant), Swisscom, Infomaniak, AlpineAI	Green	Open models such as DeepSeek, Qwen, GLM, Apertus	42 GLM 5.3 Flash up to approx. 1,500 pages	Processing Switzerland Storage Switzerland	Good to very good, a step behind the frontier. Best production model GLM 5.3 Flash (Intelligence Index 42), up to 45 in the preview	Medium, licence per user, sometimes plus usage	Well suited: the industry association solution TreuhandGPT by TREUHAND\|SUISSE (since December 2025, hosted by PeakPrivacy on Swiss infrastructure) is open to more than 2,000 fiduciary firms. Our own platform complements it for automations such as receipt processing, payroll and year-end close. Inform mandators about the use, obtain consent where necessary.
AI in your industry software e.g. practice, law firm, CRM or portfolio systems	Depends on provider	Usually GPT or Claude in the background	no measured value	Processing Depends on provider Storage Depends on provider	Good, tailored to the use case	Low to medium, often as an add-on module	Fiduciary software, such as Abacus, bexio or Sage: clarify in writing which model runs where and add an AI clause to the client agreement.
Microsoft 365 Copilot Microsoft, with EU Data Boundary	Yellow	GPT models from OpenAI, operated by Microsoft	no measured value	Processing EU/EFTA Storage Switzerland (Data Location or ADR)	Very good, strong in everyday office work	Medium, licence per user and month	Defensible with Flex Routing disabled and Anthropic models switched off. Payroll data contains especially sensitive fields such as religious denomination (church tax in withholding tax) and sickness or accident absences (Art. 5(c) DPA): regulate this in the client and provider contracts. Where payroll runs are processed systematically with AI, a data protection impact assessment may become necessary.
Azure OpenAI Data Zone EU Microsoft Azure, resource in Switzerland North	Yellow	Latest GPT generation: GPT-6 Astra, GPT-6.1 Sol, GPT-6 Sol	53 GPT-6 Astra	Processing EU Data Boundary, confirm countries with Microsoft before use Storage Switzerland	Frontier, latest GPT models including GPT-6 Astra	Low, per token	The EU states are listed in Annex 1 DPO, so the level of protection is given. The row stays yellow because of the residual CLOUD Act risk: process payroll data with sensitive fields only pseudonymised; red applies to audit mandates, because professional secrecy (Art. 321 Criminal Code) applies there. The EU Data Boundary can also include EFTA countries: confirm the affected countries with Microsoft before use.
OpenAI directly with EU data residency OpenAI API and ChatGPT Enterprise, Europe region	Yellow	GPT-6.1 Sol and GPT-6 Sol, without GPT-6 Astra	52 GPT-6.1 Sol	Processing Europe (EEA and Switzerland) Storage Europe (EEA and Switzerland)	Frontier, newest GPT models directly from the vendor	Low, per token with a surcharge of about 10% for residency, ChatGPT Enterprise as a licence per user	Like Data Zone EU: payroll data with sensitive fields only pseudonymised, red for audit mandates, choose Europe residency at setup.
Claude via AWS Bedrock (EU) Amazon Web Services, EU regions	Yellow	Opus 5 and Sonnet 5 in Ireland or Stockholm, Opus 5.5 and Sonnet 5.5 via EU inference	58 Claude Opus 5.5 up to approx. 1,500 pages	Processing EU Storage No prompt storage by Bedrock	Frontier, especially strong for text and analysis	Low to medium, per token	Like Data Zone EU: payroll data with sensitive fields only pseudonymised, red for audit mandates; cover AWS as a sub-processor in the contract.
Gemini and Claude via Google Vertex AI (EU) Google Cloud, EU multi-region	Yellow	Gemini 4 Argon, Claude Opus 5.5, Sonnet 5.5 and Fable 5.1	58 Claude Opus 5.5 up to approx. 1,500 pages	Processing EU Storage EU or Switzerland	Frontier, Gemini and Claude on one platform	Low to medium, per token	Like Data Zone EU; verify the processing location. Red for audit mandates.
Claude directly from Anthropic Claude API, Team and Enterprise	Red	Claude Fable 5.1, Opus 5.5, Sonnet 5.5	58 Claude Opus 5.5 up to approx. 1,500 pages	Processing US or global Storage US	Frontier, newest Claude models first	Medium, licence or per token	Legally possible with Data Privacy Framework certification or standard contractual clauses, but processing in the US with little control over the data location: not recommended for mandator data, usable for research. Whether a provider is certified is shown on the public DPF list.
Claude in Microsoft Foundry or Copilot Microsoft, operated on Anthropic infrastructure	Red	Claude models	58 Claude Opus 5.5 up to approx. 1,500 pages	Processing Outside the EU Data Boundary Storage Not guaranteed	Frontier, same as Claude direct	Medium, in licence or per token	Unsuitable for mandator data, keep the switch off.
Copilot with Flex Routing enabled Microsoft 365, setting available since April 2026	Red	GPT models	no measured value	Processing At peak load also US, Canada, Australia Storage Switzerland	Very good, same as Copilot	Medium, licence per user and month	Disable: at peak load data moves to the US, Canada or Australia. The real problem is the unpredictable data location, which is not defensible for mandator data.
Private AI accounts ChatGPT, Claude.ai, Gemini with a private or free account	Red	All of them	58 Claude Opus 5.5 up to approx. 1,500 pages	Processing Unclear, mostly US Storage US	Frontier, which makes it so tempting	Low, free or privately paid	No contract, no control, and copying client data into private accounts can touch the duty of confidentiality under Art. 62 DPA: prohibit by policy, offer an approved alternative.

Note on the US CLOUD Act

Microsoft, OpenAI, AWS and Google are US corporations and are subject to the US CLOUD Act, even with data centres in Switzerland or the EU. This residual risk belongs in every risk assessment.

Intelligence Index

Performance: Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index, version 4.3.2, values as of 23 October 2026, scale 0 to 100. "ca." = estimated by Artificial Analysis. 128,000 tokens correspond to roughly 190 A4 pages. The traffic light is our risk assessment and does not replace legal advice. Data as of: 23 October 2026.

Not listed: Meta Muse Wonder (Index 52) and Grok 4.7 by xAI. Both are among the strongest models but currently have no deployment route with processing in Switzerland or the EU.

Comparison · Fiduciaries · Client data

Three routes compared side by side.

Choose up to three options. Data path, performance and cost sit next to each other, row by row.

Option 1Microsoft Azure, Switzerland North region

Processing

SwitzerlandEUUSA/World

Option 2e.g. Phoeniqs (kvant), Swisscom, Infomaniak, AlpineAI

Processing

SwitzerlandEUUSA/World

Option 3Amazon Web Services, EU regions

Processing

SwitzerlandEUUSA/World

Traffic light for Fiduciaries

Green

Yellow

Processing and storage

Switzerland
Storage: Switzerland

EU
Storage: No prompt storage by Bedrock

Best model on this route

GPT-4ountil April 2027

GLM 5.3 FlashPhoeniqs

Claude Opus 5.5via EU inference

Intelligence Index · scale 0 to 100

ca. 8

GPT-4o · estimated by Artificial Analysis

GLM 5.3 Flash

Claude Opus 5.5

Document volume

up to approx. 190 pagesat once in a single request

up to approx. 1,500 pagesat once in a single request

Cost

Low, per token, no base fee

Medium, licence per user, sometimes plus usage

Low to medium, per token

What to watch for

A Swiss data location simplifies commissioned processing under Art. 9 DPA: choose the Standard deployment type (not Global or Data Zone), contract with confidentiality and audit rights. For new customers, GPT-4o (until April 2027) is effectively the only option; GPT-4.1 is deprecated.

Well suited: the industry association solution TreuhandGPT by TREUHAND|SUISSE (since December 2025, hosted by PeakPrivacy on Swiss infrastructure) is open to more than 2,000 fiduciary firms. Our own platform complements it for automations such as receipt processing, payroll and year-end close. Inform mandators about the use, obtain consent where necessary.

Like Data Zone EU: payroll data with sensitive fields only pseudonymised, red for audit mandates; cover AWS as a sub-processor in the contract.

Technical figures: coding index, tokens

Coding index (Artificial Analysis)

not yet measured

GLM 5.3 Flash

Claude Opus 5, strongest measured model of this option

Context window in tokens

128,000Tokens, i.e. word fragments

1,000,000Tokens, i.e. word fragments

What does the number mean?

As of 23 October 2026

Version 4.3.2, values as of 23 October 2026. "ca." = estimated by Artificial Analysis, the independent measurement is still pending.

Your personal assessment

We assess the result for your company personally.

Traffic light for all 13 options for your industry and your requirement
Recommended setup with data path and performance profile
Checklist for policy, data processing agreement and risk assessment

Prefer to talk directly?Book an intro call

Request your personal assessment

Your selection is already filled in:

Industry:: Fiduciaries
Data:: Client data
Requirement:: Switzerland only

What data protection requires

Fiduciary firms usually face no sectoral supervision, but the DPA and the duty of confidentiality under Art. 62 DPA apply: anyone who learns secret personal data in the course of their profession and wilfully discloses it risks a fine of up to CHF 250,000 upon complaint, since the revision for all kinds of personal data. For audit mandates, professional secrecy under Art. 321 Criminal Code applies on top, because auditors bound to confidentiality are explicitly named there. Supervised are trustees with a FINMA licence under FinIA and fiduciaries that belong to a self-regulatory organisation as financial intermediaries, plus cantonal licensing duties.

AI inventory: which applications, which data, which model, which data location
Risk assessment per application, including cross-border processing and the US CLOUD Act
Policy for employees: approved tools, banned shadow AI, human oversight (use the TREUHAND|SUISSE model policy on AI use)
Commissioned processing contract under Art. 9 DPA: confidentiality, audit rights, data location
Review cross-border disclosure of client data: adequate level, safeguards or exceptions under Art. 16 and 17 DPA
Ensure orderly bookkeeping (Art. 957a CO): every AI booking proposal needs a receipt, an approval and an audit trail, and the results are subject to ten-year retention
Inform clients about the use of AI on their data, obtain consent where necessary
Records of processing activities maintained under Art. 12 DPA

This overview does not replace legal advice. Model availability and regions change constantly; October 2026 edition. Verify details with the provider before use.

Sources

FDPIC: Guide to checking the admissibility of transferring personal data to countries without an adequate level of data protection
FDPIC: Factsheet on commissioned processing of personal data under the revised DPA
Microsoft Learn: Model availability by region in Azure Foundry
Microsoft Learn: Deployment types (Global, Data Zone, Standard, Provisioned)
AWS: Model availability by region in Amazon Bedrock
Google Cloud: Data residency for generative AI
Revised DPA: commissioned processing (Art. 9), disclosure of data abroad (Art. 16 and 17) and duty of confidentiality (Art. 62)
Criminal Code, Art. 321 (professional secrecy, applies to audit mandates)
Code of Obligations, Art. 957a (orderly bookkeeping)
Federal Council: Swiss-U.S. Data Privacy Framework, certified US companies in Annex 1 DPO (since 15 September 2024)
TREUHAND|SUISSE: TreuhandGPT (Connect AI) and model policy on AI use for members
Phoeniqs: Active Models
Phoeniqs: Preview Models (Kimi K3, GLM 5.3, DeepSeek V4.1 Flash)
Phoeniqs: Release note on the model portfolio, May 2026
Artificial Analysis: Intelligence Index (methodology and values, v4.3.2)
Artificial Analysis: GPT-4o (value estimated)
Artificial Analysis: GPT-5.1 (value estimated)
Artificial Analysis: gpt-oss-120b
Index values of all models (modelgrep, data from Artificial Analysis)
Infomaniak: open-source models
Swisscom Swiss AI Platform: model overview
AlpineAI: SwissGPT
Microsoft Learn: region availability of Azure OpenAI models (Data Zone EU)
OpenAI: GPT-6 and EU data residency in the API
OpenAI: data and inference residency for ChatGPT Enterprise
Google Cloud: data residency of models on Vertex AI
Meta Model API: Geographic Use Policy (Muse Wonder)

We implement the recommended setup for you

Humanyx accompanies you as a partner from choosing the operating route to ongoing operations: Switzerland only with Azure OpenAI Switzerland North, or the frontier model in the EU while your client data stays in Switzerland. Contract and governance are included. You receive finished AI employees for your processes, from document review to client reporting, instead of your own infrastructure project.

Processing and storage in Switzerland (Azure Switzerland North)
Contract, policies and documentation for data protection and supervision included
Fixed-price pilot, then ongoing operations by us

Book an introductory call Specifically for fiduciaries: our industry page